今天就跟大家聊聊有关如何使用Springboot线程池,可能很多人都不太了解,为了让大家更加了解,小编给大家总结了以下内容,希望大家根据这篇文章可以有所收获。

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创建springboot工程
用IntelliJ IDEA创建一个springboot的web工程threadpooldemoserver,pom.xml内容如下:
4.0.0 com.vincent threadpooldemoserver 1.0-SNAPSHOT UTF-8 1.8 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-dependencies 2.1.4.RELEASE import pom org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.projectlombok lombok 1.18.6 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin 2.1.4.RELEASE cn.ac.iie.App repackage org.apache.maven.plugins maven-surefire-plugin true
创建一个service层的接口AsyncService,如下:
public interface AsyncService {
/**
* 执行异步任务
*/
void executeAsync();
}对应的AsyncServiceImpl,实现如下:
@Service
@Slf4j
public class AsyncServiceImpl implements AsyncService {
@Override
public void executeAsync() {
log.info("start executeAsync");
try{
Thread.sleep(1000);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
log.info("end executeAsync");
}
}这个方法做的事情很简单:sleep了一秒钟;
创建一个controller为Hello,里面定义一个http接口,做的事情是调用Service层的服务,如下:
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class Hello {
@Autowired
private AsyncService asyncService;
@RequestMapping("/")
public String submit() {
log.info("start submit");
//调用service层的任务
asyncService.executeAsync();
log.info("end submit");
return "success";
}
}至此,我们已经做好了一个http请求的服务,里面做的事情其实是同步的,接下来我们就开始配置springboot的线程池服务,将service层做的事情都提交到线程池中去处理;
创建一个配置类ExecutorConfig,用来定义如何创建一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor,要使用@Configuration和@EnableAsync这两个注解,表示这是个配置类,并且是线程池的配置类,如下所示:
@Configuration
@EnableAsync
@Slf4j
public class ExecutorConfig {
@Bean
public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {
log.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
//配置核心线程数
executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
//配置最大线程数
executor.setMaxPoolSize(5);
//配置队列大小
executor.setQueueCapacity(99999);
//配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("async-service-");
// rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务
// CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
//执行初始化
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}
}注意,上面的方法名称为asyncServiceExecutor,稍后马上用到;
打开AsyncServiceImpl.java,在executeAsync方法上增加注解@Async(“asyncServiceExecutor”),asyncServiceExecutor是前面ExecutorConfig.java中的方法名,表明executeAsync方法进入的线程池是asyncServiceExecutor方法创建的,如下:
@Service
@Slf4j
public class AsyncServiceImpl implements AsyncService {
@Override
@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
public void executeAsync() {
log.info("start executeAsync");
try{
Thread.sleep(1000);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
log.info("end executeAsync");
}
}将这个springboot运行起来(pom.xml所在文件夹下执行mvn spring-boot:run);
在浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080;
在浏览器用F5按钮快速多刷新几次;
在springboot的控制台看见日志如下:
2019-08-12 15:23:00.320 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : start submit 2019-08-12 15:23:00.327 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : end submit 2019-08-12 15:23:00.327 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-1] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 2019-08-12 15:23:01.329 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-1] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync 2019-08-12 15:24:17.449 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-5] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : start submit 2019-08-12 15:24:17.450 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-5] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : end submit 2019-08-12 15:24:17.450 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-2] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 2019-08-12 15:24:18.125 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-6] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : start submit 2019-08-12 15:24:18.126 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-6] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : end submit 2019-08-12 15:24:18.128 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-3] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 2019-08-12 15:24:18.451 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-2] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync 2019-08-12 15:24:18.685 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : start submit 2019-08-12 15:24:18.688 INFO 5848 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] cn.ac.iie.controller.Hello : end submit 2019-08-12 15:24:18.703 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-4] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 2019-08-12 15:24:19.130 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-3] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync 2019-08-12 15:24:19.704 INFO 5848 --- [async-service-4] cn.ac.iie.service.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
如上日志所示,我们可以看到controller的执行线程是"nio-8080-exec-5",这是tomcat的执行线程,而service层的日志显示线程名为“async-service-1”,显然已经在我们配置的线程池中执行了,并且每次请求中,controller的起始和结束日志都是连续打印的,表明每次请求都快速响应了,而耗时的操作都留给线程池中的线程去异步执行;
虽然我们已经用上了线程池,但是还不清楚线程池当时的情况,有多少线程在执行,多少在队列中等待呢?这里我创建了一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor的子类,在每次提交线程的时候都会将当前线程池的运行状况打印出来,代码如下:
@Slf4j
public class VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor extends ThreadPoolTaskExecutor {
private void showThreadPoolInfo(String prefix){
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = getThreadPoolExecutor();
if(null==threadPoolExecutor){
return;
}
log.info("{}, {},taskCount [{}], completedTaskCount [{}], activeCount [{}], queueSize [{}]",
this.getThreadNamePrefix(),
prefix,
threadPoolExecutor.getTaskCount(),
threadPoolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount(),
threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount(),
threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().size());
}
@Override
public void execute(Runnable task) {
showThreadPoolInfo("1. do execute");
super.execute(task);
}
@Override
public void execute(Runnable task, long startTimeout) {
showThreadPoolInfo("2. do execute");
super.execute(task, startTimeout);
}
@Override
public Future> submit(Runnable task) {
showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submit");
return super.submit(task);
}
@Override
public Future submit(Callable task) {
showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submit");
return super.submit(task);
}
@Override
public ListenableFuture> submitListenable(Runnable task) {
showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submitListenable");
return super.submitListenable(task);
}
@Override
public ListenableFuture submitListenable(Callable task) {
showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submitListenable");
return super.submitListenable(task);
}
} 如上所示,showThreadPoolInfo方法中将任务总数、已完成数、活跃线程数,队列大小都打印出来了,然后Override了父类的execute、submit等方法,在里面调用showThreadPoolInfo方法,这样每次有任务被提交到线程池的时候,都会将当前线程池的基本情况打印到日志中;
修改ExecutorConfig.java的asyncServiceExecutor方法,将ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor()改为ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor(),如下所示:
@Bean
public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {
log.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
//配置核心线程数
executor.setCorePoolSize(5);
//配置最大线程数
executor.setMaxPoolSize(5);
//配置队列大小
executor.setQueueCapacity(99999);
//配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀
executor.setThreadNamePrefix("async-service-");
// rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务
// CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行
executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
//执行初始化
executor.initialize();
return executor;
}修改hello.java,方便查看线程池结果:
@RequestMapping("/")
public Object submit() {
log.info("start submit");
//调用service层的任务
asyncService.executeAsync();
log.info("end submit");
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = visiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor.getThreadPoolExecutor();
jsonObject.put("ThreadNamePrefix", visiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor.getThreadNamePrefix());
jsonObject.put("TaskCount", threadPoolExecutor.getTaskCount());
jsonObject.put("completedTaskCount", threadPoolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount());
jsonObject.put("activeCount", threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount());
jsonObject.put("queueSize", threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().size());
return jsonObject;
}再次启动该工程,再浏览器反复刷新http://localhost:8080,看到的日志如下:
{
"activeCount": 2,
"queueSize": 1,
"TaskCount": 26,
"completedTaskCount": 23,
"ThreadNamePrefix": "async-service-"
}看完上述内容,你们对如何使用Springboot线程池有进一步的了解吗?如果还想了解更多知识或者相关内容,请关注创新互联行业资讯频道,感谢大家的支持。